Radio frequency, global system for mobile, and solar based air pollution monitoring cum cleaning truck

Abstract

This paper proposes a solar-powered, mobile air pollution monitoring and cleaning system mounted on a remote-controlled mini truck, designed for use in highly polluted areas such as near chemical factories, industrial zones, fishing harbors, open drainages, and lakes. The system features a compact air cleaning chamber that purifies air in two stages using charcoal granules and cigarette filter buds. Air is drawn through the filters by two small fans, and the entire setup is housed in a transparent acrylic chamber for demonstration purposes. Two MQ135 air quality sensors are used to monitor pollution levels before and after the cleaning process. These sensors output analog signals, which are converted to digital data using an analog-to-digital converter (ADC) and processed by an embedded system. The measured air quality index (AQI) is displayed on an LCD screen and also transmitted to an authorized mobile phone via a global system for mobile communications (GSM). If the AQI value from the outside sensor exceeds 160, indicating unhealthy air, the purification system is activated automatically, and an alarm is triggered. The system is powered entirely by solar energy, with a solar panel mounted on the vehicle charging a rechargeable battery. This prototype demonstrates a practical, eco-friendly solution to combat air pollution in urban and industrial environments.