Investigation into the performance and emission of diesel engine operating at different blends of Egusi melon (Citrullus lanatus) biodiesel

Abstract

The increasing global demand for sustainable energy has led to a rise in interest in biodiesel as an eco-friendly alternative to fossil fuels. This study investigates the performance and emission characteristics of a diesel engine powered by different blends of Egusi melon (Citrullus lanatus) biodiesel. The blends tested include B20, B50, B100, and pure diesel (B0). Performance metrics such as brake power and specific fuel consumption (SFC), as well as emissions of carbon monoxide (CO), unburned hydrocarbons (UHC), and nitrogen oxides (NOx), were analyzed. The results showed that increasing biodiesel content reduced CO and UHC emissions, with B100 showing the lowest CO emissions (0.01%) at 1600 rpm. However, NOx emissions increased slightly with higher biodiesel content. While engine power decreased marginally for higher biodiesel blends, Egusi melon biodiesel demonstrated significant environmental benefits and reasonable performance, highlighting its potential as a viable alternative diesel fuel.