Strategy for optimal bidding of micro-grid with demand side management for economic emission dispatch considering uncertainty and outage of renewable energy sources

Abstract

In the restructured electricity market, microgrid (MG), with the incorporation of smart grid technologies, distributed energy recourses (DER), pumped-storage-hydraulic (PSH) unit and demand response program (DRP), is a smarter and reliable electricity provider. DER consists of gas-turbines and renewable energy sources such as photovoltaic systems and wind-turbines. Better bidding strategies, prepared by MG operators decrease the electricity cost and emission from upstream grid and conventional and renewable energy sources. But it makes inefficient due to very high intermittent nature of renewable energy and higher rate of outages. To solve these issues, this study suggests non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm-II (NSGA-II) for optimal bidding strategy considering pumped hydro energy storage and DRP based on their outage probabilities.